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Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution of India
The Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Thirteenth Amendment) Act, 1962, made Nagaland the 16th State of the Union of India, with special protection under Article 371A.
==Background==
In July 1960, an agreement was reached by the Union Government with the leaders of the Naga Peoples Convention under which it was decided that Naga Hills-Tuensang Area (Nagaland), which is at present a Part "B" tribal area within the State of Assam, will be formed into a separate State in the Union of India. The Agreement inter alia provided that the Governor of the State of Nagaland shall have special responsibility for law and order for so long as the law and order situation continues to remain disturbed on account of hostile activities. It also provided that the Governor shall have general responsibility with regard to the funds made available to the new State by the Union Government. The Agreement also stated that the administration of the Tuensang District of Nagaland shall be carried on by the Governor for a period of ten years during which it is expected that the people of that area would be in a position to shoulder fuller responsibilities of administration. A Regional Council is to be formed for the said Tuensang District comprising elected representative from the tribes therein. This Regional Council will supervise and guide the working of the Village, Range and Area Councils in that district and further no law passed by the Nagaland
legislature will extend to that district unless so recommended by the Regional Council. The Agreement also declared that Acts of Parliament would not apply to Nagaland unless so decided by the Nagaland Legislature with regard to the religious or social practices of the Nagas, Naga Customary Law and procedure, the administration of civil and criminal justice involving decisions according to Naga Customary Law, and the ownership and transfer of land and its resources.〔http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend13.htm〕
As these matters were particular to the proposed new State of Nagaland, the Union Government decided to make provision for it within Constitution itself, and sought to amend the Constitution to provide for the aforesaid matters and ancillary matters. A separate Bill for the formation of the new State relatable to article 3 was also introduced.〔http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend13.htm〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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